Safety Hazards

Discuss Safety hazards when they appear.

 PPE. is a important part of every day work on the job whether it's using a proper face shield while using a grinder or wearing ear protection while working with loud noises.Workers need to be trained to use and supplied with the necessary PPE.

Here is a common list of hazards and the proper PPE to use.

Chain saw = Face shield, chainsaw pants and jacket, proper chain guard and ear plugs.

Welding = welding mask, Welding jacket, benie or fire risistant cap, proper gloves and ventalation if needed.

Hammering = gloves and eye protection.

Dry wall prepping = Goggles, dust mask and gloves

Discuss the hazards that your crew will encounter during the day and ways to avoid them.Some times PPE should be the last resort, avoiding hazards all together is the best solution.When all else fails use the proper PPE and stay safe.

In the event of a fire

Use this Procedure for your company fire safety policy

1.       KEEP CALM.
2.     EVACUATE: all occupants from the room in which the fire has occurred.
3.       CLOSE THE DOORS AND WINDOWS and leave the room.
4.       PULL THE FIRE ALARM OR CALL THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. Tell them your exact location and the nature of the emergency.
5.       ONLY IF IT IS COMPLETELY SAFE TO DO SO, return to fight the fire with a fire extinguisher until the Fire Dept. arrives. (see FIRE EXTINGUISHERS)
6.       EVACUATE OCCUPANTS FROM THE ADJOINING AREA if there is any danger from spreading fire, smoke, fumes or extreme heat.

 

FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

1. Use a fire extinguisher only if it is completely safe to do so. If there is any danger at all from fire, smoke, fumes or extreme heat, LEAVE THE AREA IMMEDIATELY.
2. Determine what type of fire you have and check the label on the extinguisher to make sure it is intended for your type of fire. Letters on the label indicate the type of fire it will fight:

1.      A = wood, cardboard, paper, cloth
2.      B = flammable liquids and gases
3.     C = electrical equipment
4.    D = metals

(Never use water on an electrical fire – water can cause a fatal shock.)

3. Use the PASS system to put out the fire:

1.     Pull the pin or ring. Some units require releasing of a lock latch, pressing a puncture lever, or other motion.
2.    Aim the extinguisher nozzle at the base of the fire.
3.     Squeeze or press the handle.
4.   Sweep from side to side slowly at the base of the fire until it goes out.
   4.      If the fire gets big, GET OUT! Close the door to slow the spread of the fire.

 

FIRE PREVENTION

1.     Check to see that all fire exits, doorways, stairways, aisles and corridors are not obstructed or blocked at anytime.
2.    Make sure you know the location of all fire exits.
3.    Poor housekeeping is a fire breeder. Avoid all unnecessary accumulation of combustible debris.
4.     Regularly check all electrical cords and plugs for fraying or cracked wire insulation and fitness for use. OSHA prohibits the use of un grounded extension cords longer than 12 feet in office buildings.
5.     Store all flammable liquids, such as copy machine fluids, cleaning products, solvents, etc. according to instructions on label.
6.     Report fluorescent lights that give off a loud humming sound, as this may indicate a defective ballast.
7.    Turn off all coffeemakers and other personal electrical appliances when they are not in use. Check the plugs, cords and wiring on a regular basis to determine if they are in good condition.
8.     SMOKING IS PROHIBITED IN ALL BUILDINGS. When smoking outdoors, completely extinguish all smoking materials and place them in an ash tray or trash container.   

Asbestos Exposure Policy

When your employees are working close to asbestos, In the event they disturb them make sure they are trained in the proper procedures.

Scope:

This procedure is to be followed in case of accidental disturbance of asbestos in the work place.

Purpose:

To insure there is no accidental asbestos exposure to workers while in the vicinity of asbestos.

List of steps:

1.) When working in direct proximity to asbestos keep a spray bottle handy with a mixture of 6 millimeters of dish soap to 250 milliliters of water.

2.) When contact to asbestos has been made with tools, Material and or person stop work immediately.

3.) Spray affected area generously.

4.) Let the abatement company know ASAP.

5.) Do not start work until the affected area has been decontaminated.

6.) In the case where clothes have been directly contaminated remove immediately and discard clothing in appropriate waste bags.

Competent Worker

A competent person is... As described in the occupational health and safety act.

• Is qualified because of knowledge, training and experience to organize the work and its performance.
• Is familiar with the Health and Safety Act and regulations that apply to the work.
• Has knowledge of any potential or actual danger to health or safety in the workplace.

A competent worker is...

• Versed in the hazards that exist and or likely to exist on a job site.

• Versed in how to control or eliminate the hazards on a job site.

• Has been given the authority to promptly correct hazards... and does.

Fall Rescue Plan

Keep your safety equipment readily accessible!

When used properly, fall arrest equipment will prevent the user from striking the level below. However, a worker who falls wearing fall arrest equipment will be suspended in the air below the work surface and will be in need of rescue. In the event of a fall, immediately notify the Fire Department by calling 911.

(Note: All rescue procedures should be conducted in a safe manner, so as not to endanger the fallen employee or rescue personnel.)

The order of rescue options shall be as follows:

Self Rescue: if a person has sustained a short fall and is conscious, uninjured, and can reach the working surface safely, this option is acceptable.

Ladder or Aerial Work Platform Rescue: if self-rescue is not possible, the next option is the use of a ladder, “condor,” Man Basket and stretcher board, or scissor lift. This rescue depends upon the accessibility and condition of the person and the availability of appropriate equipment.

Fire Department Rescue: if the previous rescue options cannot be accomplished in a prompt and safe manner, the fire department personnel will rescue the person using advanced techniques.

The following guidelines apply to all 3 rescue options above:

Establish verbal contact and continuously monitor the employee. Watch for signs or complaints of suspension trauma: faintness, nausea, breathlessness, dizziness, sweating, paleness, hot flashes, loss of vision or increased heart rate. Tell the suspended worker to keep his legs moving to increase circulation.

Assemble scaffold underneath person if possible with a side brackets or outrigger.

Lower a rope with a loop tied in the end of it to the suspended worker. Have the worker step into the loop and stand up at regular intervals to remove pressure on his legs. This also enables him to shift his body weight around into a more comfortable position.

After the event do not continue to use any of the Fall Protection Equipment involved in the incident. Tag it, “Do Not Use” and return it to the manufacturer, or cut it up and throw it away.

Report all falls to your supervisor.

Safe Erecting and Dismantling Procedures

Safe Erecting and Dismantling Procedures

Erection Procedure

The foundation for system scaffolds should be prepared in the same way as other types of scaffolding, ensuring a firm level base, and using mudsills, base plates, and adjustable screw jacks. The base plates should be laid out in what you estimate is the correct location (LOOK UP). We recommend starter collars since they allow scaffolds to be laid out level and square. The first level of transoms and ledgers should be placed on the starter collars and be leveled using the screw jacks. When the scaffold is square and level you should tighten the connections and nail the base plates to the mudsills. At this point set up an erection platform for installing the standards for the next lift. You now install the second level ledgers and transoms as well as the deck. You must install ledger bracing at the ends of all system scaffolds and at intervals according to the manufacturers’ recommendations. Each brace will be the correct length for the span being braced and should be connected to the attachment point on the standard. You must install face or sway bracing according to Manufacturer instructions. Again, attachment points are set on the standards, and the braces come in specific lengths for the span of the scaffold being constructed. Normally, every third bay is braced for sway.

Guardrails

Generally, guardrails are installed at all working levels. They attach directly to the connection points on the standards.

TRAINING

Workers must be properly trained or instructed before they use equipment. Only competent workers may construct scaffolds.

INSPECTION

Inspect all equipment before using. Never use any equipment that is damaged or defective in any way.

SITE EVALUATION

When possible, always survey the job site to identify any potential hazard condition. Complete jobsite hazard evaluation and amend your standard fall protection plan with site-specific requirements.

FOUNDATIONS

Never construct a scaffold on unprepared foundations. Where necessary, provide adequate continuous wood sills and ensure that they are not less than 50mm x 250mm (2” x 10”) and cover two frame legs in length. Footings, sills, or supports must be capable of supporting at least 2 times the maximum load to which they are subjected without settlement. Any part of a building or structure that is used to support the scaffold shall be capable of supporting the maximum intended load to be applied, and must be verified by a professional engineer.

BASE

Always use adjustable bases with system scaffolds and other components that the manufacturer recommends. Level the base by starting at the highest point of ground level and ensure accuracy, so you do not have to level the scaffold after the base has been completed.

STANDARDS

Standards are manufactured in pre-determined lengths and the spacing of standards is dependent upon the loading to be imposed on the scaffold. Always check loading requirements and if necessary, seek approved engineered drawings.

LEDGERS

Connect the ledgers to the standard at the desired lift height by positive connection. Ledgers are manufactured in pre-determined lengths and the bay size is normally determined by loading criteria. The vertical spacing or lift height between ledgers should not exceed 1.98m (6’-6”). Any ledger that is longer than 1.52m (5’-0”) and is supporting a load should be a double ledger or equivalent.

BRACING – Internal (a)

As bracing has a pre-determined length, select the correct size of bracing, and brace standards internally every 6m (20’-0”) in length, and ensure that bracing extends to the full height of the scaffold.

BRACING – Sway (b)

Sway or façade bracing should be installed on the outside face of the scaffold to full height, and can be either in one single bay or extended across multiple bays. If single-bay bracing is selected, it must be in both end bays and at least every 15m (50’-0”) longitudinally. In the multiple-bay configuration, the desired angle is 45 degrees to the horizontal, close to the note point, and this should be continuous to full height, and in many cases will be designed by an engineer.

BRACING – Plan (c)

Plan bracing (horizontal diagonal) is recommended and often required. As a minimum, it should be installed at the base and on the same level as the scaffold ties.

SCAFFOLD TIES

Where the scaffold height exceeds three times the smallest base dimension (3:1 ratio), scaffolds must be tied at least every 4.57m (15’-0”) interval vertically and 6m (20’-0”) horizontally. Where possible, push/pull ties should be used, ensuring that the tie tube is connected to both standards (or to both ledgers near the standard) with right angle clamps. Tie tubes should be installed on the same bay as the internal bracing. If it is not possible to tie the scaffold to a structure, a professional engineer must provide special design considerations.

WORK PLATFORMS

The work platform provides the worker with a safe environment from which to work. The work platform must consist of a fully-planked/-decked surface and shall have guardrails consisting of top rails, mid rails, and toe boards installed on all open sides. Toe boards shall be installed at the edge of all work platforms and shall be a minimum 100mm (4”) high.

GUARDRAILS, MIDRAILS

Guardrails must be installed on all open sides of the scaffold where a person can fall a distance of 2.4m (8’-0”) or more, and shall be not less than 0.92m (3’) nor more than 1.07m (3’-6”) above the platform, and should be positively connected to the standards. Mid rails should be installed equidistant between the guardrail and the platform.

PLANKS – WOOD

Always use select structural wood plank, LVL (laminated veneer lumber), or equivalent approved 50mm x 250mm (2”x10”) lumber, of uniform thickness. Ensure that wood plank extends a minimum 150mm (6”) and no more than 300mm (12”) beyond the centre of supports and has cleats at one end to prevent lateral movement. Wood planks should not span a length greater than 2.13m (7’-0”) unless engineered otherwise.

PLANKS – STEEL

Most steel planks have a supporting hook and wind lock to prevent uplift. Ensure that the steel plank has a non-skid surface and that the load capacity rated by the manufacturer is not exceeded. Always ensure that the wind lock is in the closed position.

MANUFACTURED DECKING

These are normally constructed from aluminum side frames with a plywood or metal decking and are secured to the scaffold by supporting hooks with wind locks that prevent uplift. The load capacity is identified on the deck and must not be exceeded. Always ensure that the wind lock is in the closed position.

LADDERS

Ladders are used to gain access to the working platforms. Ladders, ladder cages, and rest platforms, when installed on scaffolds, must conform to all applicable codes, and must extend approximately 1m (3’-0”) above the landing area and be secured. Always maintain 3-point contact at all times when climbing.

STAIRWAYS

Manufactured modular stairways are used to gain access to working platforms and must be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

SIDEBRACKETS

Side brackets must be installed at right angles to the scaffold and should be installed in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions. They are an extension of the work platform and must accommodate at least 2 planks and must not be used for storage of materials. Always check maximum loading of side brackets.

CANTILEVERS

Cantilever platforms, except fabricated side brackets, must be designed by a professional engineer and shall be installed in accordance with supplier’s/manufacturer’s instructions.

LOADING

The load on a scaffold must never exceed the safe working load that it was designed for. Most scaffolds are required to support at least four times the intended load, however this varies in different jurisdictions and must be checked. When any unusual load conditions apply, or when the load exceeds 3.5 kN/m (75psf), the scaffold must be designed by a professional engineer.

ENCLOSURES

If the scaffold has tarpaulins or any enclosure system attached, this imposes additional wind loading and must be designed accordingly. Double-wrap #9 wire ties will have a safe working load range from 600lb-800lb with a safety factor of 4:1, keeping that in mind Scaffolds should have ties at every leg every level and be constructed of a tube and clamp system or #9 double wire.

POWER LINES

It is dangerous to construct a scaffold close to power lines. Always consult the power company for specific guidelines and conform to all applicable codes.

FALL ARREST

In certain jurisdictions, unless a safety net or travel restraint system is being used, workers shall wear fall arrest systems if the workers may fall a distance of more than 3m (10’-0”).

Dismantling

Dismantling system scaffolds is essentially erection in reverse. Each tier should be completely dismantled and the material lowered to the ground before beginning to dismantle the next tier. If platform sections or planks have been left at each level during erection, as suggested above, it should be relatively easy to lower platform materials from above and deck in the current working platform completely. Extra platform material can be lowered to the ground. Using this procedure, workers will be operating most of the time from a fully decked-in platform. This makes for easier removal of braces and frames. Dismantled materials should be lowered using a gin wheel and hoist arm or by mechanical means. Dropping materials not only causes damage and waste, but also endangers workers below—and is illegal. When scaffolds have been in the same location for a long time, pins and other components frequently rust, braces become bent, and materials such as mortar or paint often build up on the scaffold parts. All of these can prevent components from separating easily. Removing jammed or rusted scaffold components can be very hazardous. Tugging or pulling on stuck components can cause you to lose your balance and fall.

Workers should wear a full body harness and lanyard tied off to a scaffold frame or lifeline before attempting to loosen stuck or jammed parts.

Dismantling tube-and-clamp and systems scaffolding must proceed in reverse order to erection. Each tier should be completely dismantled as far as connections will allow before you begin dismantling the lower tier. You must dismantle them this way because the bracing for tube-and clamp scaffold is not located in each bay as it is for frame scaffolding. The span or spans with front sway bracing should be the last to be dismantled on each tier.

Please refer to the Construction health and safety manual for a more detailed reference.

All scaffolds shall exceed or at least comply with OHSA Acts and Regulations

Scaffold Safety Rules

Scaffold Safety Rules

1. Do not erect, dismantle, or adapt a scaffold unless under the direct supervision of a competent person.
2. System scaffold must have an engineered drawing after 49 feet in height.
3. Never work under the influence of alcohol, illegal or medically required drugs.
4. Never climb cross braces or diagonal bracing. Always use proper means of access to reach working platform – if using a ladder, maintain 3-point contact at all times while climbing.
5. Prior to use, always inspect the scaffold to ensure that it has not been altered and is in safe working condition. Always report any unsafe condition to your supervisor.
6. Always exercise caution when entering or leaving a working platform.
7. Never overload a scaffold. Be aware of the designed working load or consult the supplier/manufacturer.
8. Never use a ladder or makeshift devices to increase the height of the scaffold.
9. Do not jump onto planks or platform at any time.
10. Never use scaffold material for purposes or in ways for which it was not intended.
11. Follow all Occupational Health & Safety and provincial codes and ordinances pertaining to scaffolding.
12. Always wear fall protection equipment (safety harness, lanyard, scaffold choker) and ensure that workers are properly trained in the use of this equipment. If a full guardrail system is not in place, a fall arrest/protection system must be used. Check local codes for specific requirements.
13. Never extend adjustable bases beyond the manufactured limits.
14. Never use substitute materials such as wire instead of proper locking devices in frames.
15. Never take chances. If in doubt as to your safety or the use of the scaffold, consult your supervisor or contact the scaffold supplier.
16. Do not use wood planks that have been painted or have knots or cracks.
17. If guard rails have to be temporarily removed for material hoisting, ensure that they are immediately replaced.
18. Never place or rest materials on the guard rails.
19. Never undermine the base of a scaffold or the foundations near the base.
20. Scaffold erectors shall be physically capable of performing required tasks when erecting or dismantling scaffold without risk to the health or safety of others.
21. It is dangerous to construct a scaffold close to power lines. Always consult the power company for specific guidelines and conform to all applications.

GENERAL SAFETY RULES

GENERAL SAFETY RULES

In the interest of Safety, all employees must familiarize themselves, and comply with, the following Safety Rules:

1. No employee shall operate tools, machinery or trucking equipment, unless he has been authorized to do so and instructed in the proper means of operation.
2. Employees will make full use of the safety devices and personal protective equipment as necessary to protect their health and safety.
3. No safety device (guards, electrical interlocks etc.) shall be removed or rendered inoperative unless equally effective measures are first put in place to ensure the safety of the worker. All defective safety devices, that must be removed for repair or alteration, must be replaced immediately following the completion of repair or alteration.
4. Employees will be required to wear proper footwear in the Shop and at the job-site at all times.
5. Where a worker is exposed to eye injury, he or she shall wear the appropriate eye protection to prevent injury. Use eye protection for example when; working around hazardous liquids, protruding objects, welding, grinding, cutting, soldering or brazing, compressed air, nailing guns and riveting or Ramset guns.
6. Hearing protection must be worn whenever noise level are in excess of 85 Decibels.
7. Rings, neck chains and other jewellery shall not be worn by employees while on the job.
8. No employee may enter the workplace while possessing, or being under the influence of alcohol, or any drug which may impair the ability of the employee to function in a controlled and safe manner.
9. No employee shall engage in a contest, horseplay, unnecessary running or rough or boisterous conduct which may endanger the safety of any person in the Plant.
10. No employee shall ride as a passenger on a forklift truck except for training purposes, and then only if the truck is equipped with passenger seat.

No employee shall ride on a hand truck.

11. Employees shall not block in any manner any emergency exit or fire fighting equipment. Employees are to assure that there is clear access to these exits and equipment at all times.
12. Employees shall not wear clothing which is excessively loose or dangling and may become entangled in moving machinery.
13. Smoking is prohibited in the Shop, in the Office and at the Job-site.
14. Employees must report any injury requiring medical attention at once to their Supervisor and are to receive medical attention by a qualified person as soon as possible.
15. All employees are encouraged to report unsafe conditions and other hazards to their Supervisor, and to their Safety Representative.
16. Flammable liquids must be stored only in the designated area and each containers used for dispensing flammable liquids must be grounded and bonded to prevent explosion or fire.
17. All propane fuel tanks, not in use, shall be stored outside of the building, in the area designated for such purpose.
18. Flammable liquids (gasoline and solvents) shall be transferred to, and transported, only to safety cans.

19. Ensure when lifting heavy objects to not exceed your limit and when the object may exceed your limit to get help from the supervisor and or Mechanical lifting devices.

20. Work safely around moving vehicles, making eye contact with the operators before walking through vehicles blind spots.

21. Housekeeping and material storage are a big part of our business and great precaution shall be taken to ensure that there are no protruding objects left unattended, material shall be stored in such a manner that it is protected against theft and or damage, left in a manner that it may block walk ways and fire exists and material is not to be left on site after the job has been completed, if material storage is needed on site then a predetermined area will be assigned and if possible fence placed around it at the expense of the company (ALL EQUIPMENT LEFT ONSITE MUST BE STORED IN THE SAME AREA). An approximate count on all equipment is made if the equipment is left unattended over night or for any period of time.

22. When controlling public traffic a reflective vest is required.

23. Lifting and hoisting are to be done only by personnel who have been trained on hoisting and rigging. 

SAFETY RULES FOR FORKLIFT OPERATORS

SAFETY RULES FOR FORKLIFT OPERATORS

Purpose

This procedure describes the minimum safety precautions, regarding forklift operation for the prevention of personal injuries and accidental damage.

Scope

This procedure applies to all employees.

Records

All training of Forklift Operators must be reported to the Health and Safety Rep and who will update our records of training.

Procedure

1. All forklift drivers must complete a driver training program, as established by the Safety Representative, prior to operating a forklift.

2. All forklift drivers must be knowledgeable and educated in the Occupational Health and Safety Act and in the regulations which pertain to lifting devices.

3. Only workers who are authorized by Management may operate a forklift truck.

4. At the beginning of each shift, the operator will check the truck for any defects or problems. EG: fluid levels, leaks, cracks in the forks or mast, brakes and to make sure all safety controls work properly and the fire extinguisher is in place and fully charged.

5. Do not operate a forklift that is in need of repair or maintenance. EG: brakes not working, lights, cracked forks, leaks, horn, etc.

6. DO NOT HURRY Take the time to do it safely and properly. Maintain a safe speed at all times and especially when carrying loads and or turning corners.

IE: Travel at a speed that will allow stopping within the visible and known clear distance. Reduce speed to a walk in congested areas, when going up or down ramps, when crossing bridge plate or tracks, when carrying a load or making turns. Never be pressured to speed.

7. When carrying a load on a ramp or incline, always travel in reverse when going down and forward when going up. Load always faces uphill.

8. When travelling, keep forks approximately 4” (20 cm.) off the floor. Never raise forks while travelling until you are close to the point where the load is to be lifted.

9. Do not drive on wet or slippery surfaces with a forklift, unless equipped with special tires for this purpose.

10. Do not load, unload or enter trailers that have not been chocked.

11. Trailers should be inspected before entering and any unsafe or worn conditions reported.

12. Forklift trucks should not be left unattended unless the ignition is in the off position, emergency brake is on and forks are in the lowered position. Ontario Reg. 851. Sec. 57 & 58.

13. Always leave your forklift truck in your work area when going for lunch or break. Do not use a forklift truck in order to save walking.

14. No forklift truck shall be used to transport another person unless an extra permanently installed seat is on the truck. Not even for training purposes. Ontario Reg. 851.

15. At no time shall a forklift truck or any lifting device be used to lift beyond its maximum rated load. Ontario Reg. 851.

16. Make sure you know your vehicle’s maximum lifting capacity before operating and that there is a name plate specifying maximum load capabilities on the truck. Ontario Reg. 851.

17. At no time shall a forklift truck be used to raise or lower a worker.

18. Keep legs and feet inside forklift truck.

19. When changing a fuel tank, the fuel valve shall be shut off and the engine run until the fuel in the system has been used, before disconnecting the used container.

20. All refueling and storage of tanks shall be done outdoors. Empty tanks shall not be left indoors. Reg. 851.

21. Materials will be stored in designated storage areas only. Do not use isles for storage.

23. Limit storage heights when stacking material to ensure piles are stable.

Fall Arrest Procedure

Fall Arrest Procedure

Purpose

To prevent injuries caused by falling from elevated surfaces.

References

Occupational Health and Safety Act and Regulations for Construction.

Scope

Where a worker is exposed to the hazard of falling and the surface to which he or she might fall is more than three meters below the position where he or she is situated and where work space is not confined within construction standards (see below)

Construction Standards and Procedures:

1. ensure consistent application of handrails and 4” kick plates on all elevated surfaces such as catwalks, platforms and stairways
2. hoops and enclosures must be on all ladders starting 3meters from floor.
3. non-slip surface on all elevated surfaces.
4. the worker shall wear a full body harness and lifeline adequately secured to a fixed support and so arranged that the worker cannot fall freely for a vertical distance of more than 1.5 meters.
5. The fall arresting system described in above shall, have sufficient capacity to absorb twice the energy and twice the load that under the circumstances of its use may be transmitted to it, and
6. be equipped with a shock absorber or other devices to limit the maximum arresting force to 8.0 kilo Newton to the wearer. R.R.O. 1990, Reg. 851, s.85.

Location of Fall Arresting Equipment

Fall arrest equipment will be distributed through the Health and Safety rep.

Note: Lanyards are to be attached securely to provided eyelets in the bottom of approved man lifting devices or to be secured to structural components built to withstand 1800Lbs of force (O REG 213/91, S 26.7).

Respiratory Protection Program

Respiratory Protection Program

Fit Testing and Training

The Health and Safety Rep will issue respirators as required, perform fit testing and train the employee on the use and limitations and maintenance of respirators.

Medical Evaluation

All employees who use respirators are requested to undergo medical evaluation. The purpose of the evaluation is to allow the worker to become aware of any medical conditions they may have, which could be aggravated by the wearing of a respirator. The results of such examination will be the exclusive and confidential property of the worker/patient. The company will not require access to the workers medical information.

Respirator Selection Guide

For Employees exposed to solvents due to activity on job-sites, the appropriate Respirator is a Half-mask respirator equipped with organic vapour cartridge.

When working in very dusty conditions where dust is known to be other than asbestos or fibre-glass, the appropriate Respirator is a dust mask or a half mask respirator equipped with ‘dust mist and fume’ filter cartridges.

When working in any area known to have or suspected to have very low levels of airborne asbestos particles, the appropriate respirator is a Half mask with High Efficiency Aerosol filters. Areas where the air is heavily contaminated with asbestos (as might be expected during asbestos removal) must be avoided by our people.

Respirator Maintenance

Respirator users are each assigned their own respirator for their exclusive use. Employees care for and maintain their own respirator.

SAFETY LOCK-OUT PROCEDURE

INTRODUCTION

Failure to neutralize and lock-out all energy sources prior to starting a job is a primary cause of industrial injuries and fatalities. This booklet will help you identify situations in which the accidental starting or unexpected movement of parts can cause serious injury and will show you how you can prevent these unnecessary accidents.

Each employee is responsible for their own safety and for the safety of fellow workers. These procedures are minimum performance standards.

Any task or process undertaken at your company is to be completed by a knowledgeable and competent individual who has been trained and acquainted with the equipment and operations of that task or process.

There is no justification whatsoever for the failure of any employee to properly lock-out equipment to prevent accidental start-up or unexpected mechanical movement of that same equipment.

Lock-outs are required by the Ontario Ministry of Labor under the following sections of the Ontario Occupational Health & Safety Act and Regulations:

Section 42(1) – Subject to subsections (2) and (3), the power supply to electrical installations, equipment or power lines shall be disconnected and locked out of service prior to any work being done on or in proximity to the installations, equipment or power lines.

Section 68 – Subject to Section 70, a confined space shall be entered only where (b) mechanical equipment in the confined space is,

a) disconnected from its power source; and

(b) locked out

Section 75 – A part of a machine, transmission machinery, device or thing shall be cleaned, oiled, adjusted, repaired or have maintenance work performed on it only when

(a) motion that may endanger a worker has been stopped; and

(b) any part that has been stopped and that may subsequently move and endanger a worker has been blocked to prevent its movement.

Section 76 – Where the starting of a machine, transmission machinery, device or thing may endanger the safety of a worker,

(a) control switches or other control mechanisms shall be locked out; and

(b) other effective precautions necessary to prevent such starting shall be taken.

STATEMENT OF PURPOSE

A) The purpose of these procedures are to establish:

(a) the concept of lock-out;

(b) the identification of lock-out situations; and step by step precautions

B) During any inspections, maintenance, servicing, alterations or adjustments where starting of a machine, transmission, machinery, device or thing may endanger the safety of a worker:

(a) all power disconnect switches or other control mechanisms shall be locked out and;

(b) Other effective precautions necessary to prevent such starting shall be taken to achieve a zero energy state.

DEFINITIONS

Disconnection Switch – means a pull type switch or circuit breaker which physically opens to neutralize electrical potential.

Lock-out – means to physically neutralize by means of a mechanical device, i.e. lock-out bar, safety lock and tag, all sources of energy or power in a piece of equipment with a view to achieving a zero energy state. If necessary pins, blocks, chains, etc. must be used to ensure all energy or power is neutralized. This must be done prior to starting work.

NOTE: the removal of a fuse does not constitute a lock-out.

Machine – includes transmission machinery, device or thing. This includes steam boiler vessels, hydraulic or air driven machinery, pipe lines, etc. which must be isolated to safely carry out the work.

PROCEDURES

After the machinery has stopped, the qualified person places the disconnect switch handle(s) or control device(s) in the OFF position and locks out the control device(s) with their lock-out bar and safety lock. Be sure all power sources are to a zero energy state. The qualified person applying the lock will then attach a warning tag to the safety lock.

Before starting to work on a piece of equipment, a test must be made to ensure all potential sources of power are in fact properly de-energized and locked out. After locking out be sure to:

(a)Test the disconnect switch – be sure it cannot be moved to the `ON` position.

(b)Test all points of operation switches.

(c)Test all valves and be sure they are properly shut off and locked in the `OFF` position.

CONTROL OF KEYS AND SAFETY LOCKS

Safety locks are to be issued to the qualified person with one key per lock. This key shall be capable of opening only the lock assigned to that qualified person. The issuing Supervisor shall be responsible for maintaining a record of each safety lock for identification and training record purposes.

The safety lock will be placed on, and removed only, by the qualified person doing the work. This responsibility must not be delegated.

Keep control of your safety lock and key. Use them properly. They could save your life.

DANGER TAGS

A danger tag shall be attached to the disconnect point at the same time the lock-out bar and safety lock are applied.

The following information must be given on the tag:

1. Signature and clock number of qualified person attaching tag.
2. Time and date lock applied.
3. Reason for lockout.
4. Equipment being worked on.

The danger tag shall be used only to supplement the safety lock and to identify the purpose of the lock-out.

TAGS SHALL NOT BE USED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR A SAFETY LOCK

Attachment of the danger tag is by a non-conductive string or band. Wire shall not be used for this purpose.

ADDITIONAL LOCKS

If operations call for multiple locations to be locked out additional safety locks, keys, tags, and lock-out bars must be obtained from the person in charge.

MULTIPLE LOCKOUTS

When more than one qualified person is engaged on the same job, a multiple lock-out bar(s) must be used so that each person can apply their safety lock and tag thereto. Each person must attach their own lock to the multiple lock-out bar so that controls cannot be operated until all the locks have been removed. More than one lock-out bar can be accommodated by placing another lock-out bar in the last hole of the previous bar.

The Supervisor or Group leader is responsible for overall protection, lock-out and control process, e.g. crew checklist – personnel count, etc.

During multiple lock-out, the qualified person who applies the first lock-out bar and safety lock shall ensure that the equipment has reached a state of zero energy.

Where there are multiple power entry points separate lock-out bars, safety locks, tags and tests must be applied at each point.

ADDITIONAL POWER SOURCES

In the case of additional power sources that need to be locked out such as air, hydraulic, steam or gas, the built up pressure must be bled off before the work is started. Valves must be locked and tagged out in the off position. Where valves cannot be locked the line shall be blanked. Any tension or pressure such as springs or a mechanism must be released. Where applicable, additional preventative measures such as safety locks or chains must be used to prevent injury due to movement or dropping of equipment parts or materials. Remember we must achieve a state of zero energy. The above procedures are not sufficient where work is to be done in confined spaces such as tanks, bins or other areas designated as confined spaces. In these instances, the supply lines must be blanked off and valves must never be depended on. Agitators, pumps and rotating equipment must be locked out and the person in the confined space should keep the key(s).

Stored electrical energy (i.e. capacitors) must be grounded and brought to a zero energy state.

START UP FOR TESTING PURPOSES

Where there is need to test or re-position the equipment, which is locked out, consideration should be given to the following:

5. Clear all personnel to safety.
6. Clear away all tools and material from the test equipment.
7. Each worker removes their lock-out bar and safety lock following the established procedures and then the equipment is re-energized by the qualified person.
8. Proceed with test of equipment.
9. If additional work is required, the qualified person will re-establish the lock-out procedure, neutralize all energy sources, purge all systems if necessary, and test to ensure that all power sources are neutralized prior to continuing work.

WORK CONTINUED ON FOLLOWING SHIFTS

When work on equipment that has been locked out must be continued on the following shift, each employee who has locked out shall remove their lock-out bars, safety lock(s) and tag(s) with the exception of the last qualified person. The last qualified person shall contact the person in charge and advise him/her of the circumstances and witness the locking and tagging by the person in charge taking over the job.

The person in charge will lock-out the control device(s) during the shift changes to allow workers going off shift to remove their lock-out bars, safety locks and tags.

If in the opinion of the person in charge, the equipment should remain locked out between shifts or for longer periods in order to prevent unauthorized start-up, it will be the responsibility of the person in charge to attach an identified supervisory lock-out bar, safety lock and tag.

NOTE: At no time will the equipment be left unlocked until all work has been completed.

RELEASING EQUIPMENT

Before releasing equipment:

10. The qualified person or the person in charge shall ensure that all work is complete and that all people tools and material are cleared from the area – remove any blocks or pins.
11. Replace all machine guards and safety devices.
12. Inform the operator and the person in charge that the equipment is ready to return to service.
13. Ensure all pre-start procedures are adhered to.
14. Remove each lock-out bar, safety lock and tag using correct removal sequence.
15. Run the equipment to test that everything is in proper working order.

PROCEDURES SUMMARY

1. Once the machine to be locked out is designated, the operator should be alerted. The person in charge should ensure this is done.
2. Turn off the point-of-operation switch.
3. Turn off the main disconnect switch of the particular machine.
4. WARNING: Great care must be taken to ensure that there is no current flowing past the switches. Opening a disconnect switch under load may cause an explosion.
5. Secure a lock-out bar and your padlock on the disconnect switch, retain the key. Each person working on the machine must attach their own padlock and tag on the disconnect switch.
6. Test the disconnect switch to make sure that it cannot be moved to the “ON” position.
7. Test the point-of-operation switch to make sure that the power is really off. Ensure equipment is in a zero energy state.
8. Where there is more than one point-of-power entry, an appropriate separate lock-out bar and safety lock and tag must be applied at each point.
9. When the work is finished, tell the operator and person in charge before the power is turned on.
10. Remove the lock out bar and safety lock and tag from the disconnect switch prior to switching on the disconnect.

Common Causes of Lock-out Related Accidents

16. Did not lock-out due to pressure to keep up production.
17. Did not realize power was on.
18. Co-worker did not know equipment was being serviced.
19. Did not know that residual energy was present.
20. Failed to test effectiveness of lock-out or failed to shut off control before performing task.
21. Too far to walk to affix lock-out or to shut off equipment.
22. Used tag but not lock.
23. Asking others to do the locking out.
24. Pulled fuses instead of locking out.
25. Locked-out only one source of power where multiple power is used, such as electricity, air, steam and hydraulic.
26. Did not identify all switches, valves and disconnects to the equipment.
27. Assumed equipment was inoperable.
28. Thought the job was too small to merit locking out.

Lock-out Policy

It is the policy of Scaffold Inc. that we, as a company, and all of our employees will abide by the provisions of the Occupational Health and Safety Act and will work in a manner such that no worker will be placed in jeopardy while performing their duties.

Workers are required to ensure that equipment is properly and effectively locked-out, without exception.

Supervisors are required to “ensure that a worker works in the manner and with the protective devices measures and procedures prescribed by this Act and the Regulations” Sec. 27(1)a O.H.S.A.